What Causes Melasma?

Melasma is a skin problem that usually appears on the face and manifests itself with brown or gray-brown spots. It generally appears on the cheeks, bridge of the nose, forehead, and chin. This condition results from an increase in melanin production in the skin. It is possible for it to be seen more frequently in individuals living in places where the sun is effective, such as Bursa.

This skin problem generally occurs in women and is closely related to hormones. It is also known as the “pregnancy mask” because it is frequently encountered during pregnancy. However, this condition can also occur in men and may cause psychological discomfort in both sexes.

Among the causes of melasma are genetic predisposition, hormonal changes, and exposure to the sun. For this reason, it is important to use sunscreen especially during the summer months and to avoid going out during the hours when the sun is most effective. Dr. Yavuz Selim Çınar recommends his patients to use protective products regularly on this issue.

What Causes Melasma?

One of the most common causes of melasma is exposure to the sun. Sun rays may cause the formation of spots by increasing melanin production in the skin. This condition may be more common in regions where the sun is effective, such as Bursa. Spending time in the sun without protection, especially during the summer months, increases the risk of melasma.

Hormonal changes are also one of the main causes of melasma. Melasma may develop during pregnancy, while using birth control pills, or during hormone treatments. During this period, the increased estrogen and progesterone hormones in the body may trigger melanin production in the skin. Dr. Yavuz Selim Çınar recommends regular skin care and correct product use to reduce the effect of hormones on melasma.

Genetic factors also play an important role in the formation of melasma. This condition may be observed more frequently in individuals with a family history of melasma. In addition, skin type and ethnic origin may also affect the risk of melasma. Melasma may be more pronounced in individuals with darker skin tones. For this reason, individuals in the risk group need to take extra care of their skin.

Symptoms and Diagnosis of Melasma

The most obvious symptom of melasma is the formation of brown or gray-brown spots on the skin. These spots are generally seen symmetrically on the face, especially on the cheeks, nose, forehead, and chin area. The size and color of the spots may vary from person to person. In individuals living in regions where the sun is intense, such as Bursa, these spots may be more intense and prominent.

For diagnosis, dermatologists usually perform a visual examination. It is important to distinguish melasma from other skin problems such as skin cancer. When necessary, dermatologists can determine the depth and spread of lesions by using special lights such as a Wood’s lamp. Dr. Yavuz Selim Çınar states that making a correct diagnosis is critical in determining the most effective treatment method.

Another point to be considered in the diagnosis of melasma is the patient’s medical history. A comprehensive evaluation should be made by considering hormonal changes, medication use, or genetic factors. Thus, the underlying causes of melasma can be correctly identified and an appropriate treatment plan can be created.

Treatment Methods for Melasma

There are multiple methods in the treatment of melasma. The first step is protecting the skin from the sun. In order to protect from sun rays, sunscreens with high protection factors should be used and going out during the hours when the sun is most direct should be avoided. For those living in sunny regions such as Bursa, this is one of the most important precautions.

Among the treatment options are topical creams and chemical peelings. Creams containing hydroquinone, tretinoin, and corticosteroids may help reduce melasma. Chemical peelings, on the other hand, may reduce the appearance of spots by peeling the upper layer of the skin. Dr. Yavuz Selim Çınar applies these treatment methods with a personalized approach according to the patient’s skin type and the spread of the lesions.

Laser treatment is also an effective method in the treatment of melasma. Laser treatment may help reduce spots by targeting melanin pigment. However, this method may not be suitable for every individual and should be performed under specialist supervision. Patience should be maintained during the treatment process and doctor recommendations should be followed. For an effective result, it is important to continue the treatment regularly.